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Automated Software Testing: Introduction, Management, and Performance [With CDROM] (Paperback)
    ¡¤ ÁöÀºÀÌ | ¿Å±äÀÌ:Elfriede Dustin, Jeff Rashka, John Paul
    ¡¤ ÃâÆÇ»ç:Addison-Wesley
    ¡¤ ÃâÆdz⵵:1999
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    ¡¤ ISBN:0201432870
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Within the product development lifecycle, testing must constitute a major factor. This book explores the recent trend towards automating the testing process, allowing resources to be freed up and allocated elsewhere.

Preface xv
 Acknowledgments xxi
 Part I What Is Automated Testing?
 The Birth and Evolution of Automated Testing 3 (26)
 Automated Testing 3 (2)
 Background on Software Testing 5 (2)
 The Automated Test Life-Cycle Methodology 7 (7)
 (ATLM)
 Decision to Automate Test 10 (2)
 Test Tool Acquisition 12 (1)
 Automated Testing Introduction Phase 12 (1)
 Test Planning, Design, and Development 13 (1)
 Execution and Management of Tests 14 (1)
 Test Program Review and Assessment 14 (1)
 ATLM's Role in the Software Testing Universe 14 (1)
 ATLM Relationship to System Development 14 (1)
 Life Cycle
 Test Maturity Model (TMM)---Augmented by 15 (4)
 Automated Software Testing Maturity
 Test Automation Development 19 (2)
 Test Effort 21 (1)
 Software Testing Careers 22 (7)
 Decision to Automate Test 29 (38)
 Overcoming False Expectations for Automated 32 (5)
 Testing
 Automatic Test Plan Generation 32 (1)
 Test Tool Fits All 33 (1)
 Immediate Test Effort Reduction 33 (1)
 Immediate Schedule Reduction 34 (1)
 Tool Ease of Use 34 (1)
 Universal Application of Test Automation 35 (1)
 One Hundred Percent Test Coverage 36 (1)
 Benefits of Automated Testing 37 (17)
 Production of a Reliable System 38 (5)
 Improvement of the Quality of the Test 43 (6)
 Effort
 Reduction of Test Effort and Minimization 49 (3)
 of Schedule
 Case Study: Value of Test Automation 52 (2)
 Measurement
 Acquiring Management Support 54 (13)
 Test Tool Proposal 56 (11)
 Automated Test Tool Evaluation and Selection 67 (40)
 The Organization's Systems Engineering 70 (6)
 Environment
 Third-Party Input from Management, Staff, 71 (1)
 and Customers and End Users
 Tool Criteria Reflecting the Systems 72 (1)
 Engineering Environment
 Level of Software Quality 73 (1)
 Help Desk Problem Reports 74 (1)
 Budget Constraints 74 (1)
 Types of Tests 74 (1)
 Long-Term Investment Considerations 75 (1)
 Test Tool Process 75 (1)
 Avoiding Shortcuts 75 (1)
 Tools That Support the Testing Life Cycle 76 (13)
 Business Analysis Phase Tools 79 (1)
 Requirements definition Phase Tools 80 (2)
 Tools for the Analysis and Design Phase 82 (1)
 Programming Phase Tools 83 (2)
 Metrics Tools 85 (1)
 Other Testing Life-Cylce Support Tools 86 (1)
 Testing Phase Tools 86 (3)
 Test Tool Research 89 (7)
 Improvement Opportunities 89 (7)
 Evaluation Domain Definition 96 (2)
 Hands-On tool Evaluation 98 (9)
 Evaluation Report 99 (2)
 License Agreement 101(6)
 Part II Introduction of Automated Testing to a
 Project
 Automated Testing Introduction Process 107(40)
 Test Process Analysis 110(23)
 Process Review 112(4)
 Goals and Objectives of Testing 116(3)
 Case Study: Test Objectives and Strategies 119(1)
 Test Strategies 120(13)
 Test Tool Consideration 133(14)
 Review of Project-Specific System 135(2)
 Requirements
 Application-Under-Test Overview 137(1)
 Review of Project Schedule 138(1)
 Test Tool Compatibility Check 139(1)
 Demonstration of the Tool to the Project 140(1)
 Team
 Test Tool Support Profile 141(2)
 Review of Training Requirements 143(4)
 Test Team Management 147(44)
 Organizational Structure of a Test Team 149(2)
 Stovepipe Test Team 151(1)
 Centralized Test Team 151(2)
 IV&V Test Team 153(1)
 Systems Methodology and Test Team 154(1)
 Test Team Summary 155(2)
 Test Program Tasks 157(6)
 Test Effort Sizing 163(9)
 Test Team Sizing Methods: An Overview 165(1)
 Development Ratio Method 165(1)
 Percentage Method 166(1)
 Test Procedure Method 167(1)
 Task Planning Method 168(2)
 Test Effort Sizing Factors 170(2)
 Test Engineer Recruiting 172(10)
 Test Engineer Qualities 172(2)
 Test Team Compoition 174(2)
 Job Requisition 176(2)
 Recruiting Activities 178(1)
 Locating Test Engineers 178(1)
 Test Engineer Interviews 179(2)
 Distinguishing the Best Candidate 181(1)
 Roles and Responsibilities 182(9)
 Part III Test Planning and Preparation
 Test Planning: Smart Application of Testing 191(32)
 Test Planning Activities 192(5)
 Test Program Scope 197(8)
 System Description 198(1)
 Critgical/High-Risk Functions 199(1)
 Test Goals, Objectives, and Strategies 199(1)
 Test Tools 199(1)
 Test Program Parameters 200(2)
 Verification Methods 202(1)
 Test Requirements Definition 203(2)
 Test Requirements Management 205(6)
 Requirements Management Tools 206(2)
 Assessing the Test Requirements Risk 208(1)
 Prioritization of Tests 208(1)
 Requirements Traceability Matrix 209(2)
 Test Program Events, Activities, and 211(3)
 Documentation
 Events 211(1)
 Activities 212(1)
 Documentation 213(1)
 The Test Environment 214(3)
 Test Environment Preparations 214(2)
 Test Environment Integration and Setup 216(1)
 The Test Plan 217(6)
 Test Completion/Acceptance Criteria 220(1)
 Sample Test Plan 220(3)
 Test Analysis and Design 223(62)
 Test Requirements Analysis 225(8)
 Development-Level Test Analysis 226(2)
 (Structural Approach)
 System-Level Test Analysis (Behavioral 228(5)
 Approach)
 Test Program Design 233(23)
 Test Program Design Models 233(4)
 White-Box Techniques (Development-Level 237(7)
 Tests)
 Blank-Box Techniques (System-Level Tests) 244(11)
 Test Design Documentation 255(1)
 Test Procedure Design 256(29)
 Test Procedure Definition 257(5)
 Automated Versus Manual Test Analysis 262(4)
 Automated Test Design Standards 266(4)
 Case Study: Naming Conventions 270(2)
 Manual Test Design Guidelines 272(2)
 Detailed Test Design 274(3)
 Test Data Requirements 277(8)
 Test Development 285(64)
 Test Development Architecture 288(18)
 Technical Environment 288(3)
 Environment Readiness Checks 291(1)
 Automation Framework Reuse Analysis 291(1)
 Test Procedure Development/Execution 292(3)
 Schedule
 Modularity-Relationship Analysis 295(4)
 Explanation of the Sample 299(3)
 odularity-Relationship Matrix
 Calibration of the Test Tool 302(1)
 Compatibility Work-Around solutions 302(1)
 Case Study: Incompatibility Work-Around 303(1)
 Solution
 Manual Execution of Test Procedures 304(1)
 Test Procedure Inspections---Peer Reviews 304(1)
 Test Procedures Configuration Management 305(1)
 Test Development Guidelines 306(30)
 Design-to-Development Transiftion 308(2)
 Reusable Test Procedures 310(3)
 Case Study: navigation Using Tabs or 313(1)
 Mouse Clicks
 Case Study: Testing Bitmaps Using a 314(3)
 Capture/Playback Tool
 Maintainable Test Procedures 317(3)
 Case Study: Automating Documentation 320(12)
 Case Study: Automated Random Testing 332(2)
 Other Guidelines 334(2)
 Automation Infrastructure 336(13)
 Table-Driven Test Automation 337(2)
 PC Environment Automated Setup script 339(1)
 Automated Recording Options 340(1)
 Login Function 341(1)
 Exit Function 341(1)
 Navigation 341(1)
 Verifying GUI Standards 342(1)
 Smoke Test 342(1)
 Case Study: Smoke Test Application 343(1)
 Error-Logging Routine 343(1)
 Help Function Verification script 343(1)
 Timed Message Verification script 343(1)
 Timed Message Boxes Function 344(1)
 Advanced math Functions 344(5)
 Part IV Test Execution and Review
 Test Execution 349(30)
 Executing and Evaluating Test Phases 351(9)
 Unit Test Execution and Evaluation 351(3)
 Integration Test Execution and Evaluation 354(2)
 System Test Execution and Evaluation 356(2)
 Test Results Analysis of Regression Tests 358(1)
 User Acceptance Test Execution and 359(1)
 Evaluation
 Defect Tracking and New Build Process 360(6)
 Defect Life-Cycle Model 366(1)
 Test Program Status Tracking 366(13)
 Earned Value management System 367(1)
 Case Study: System Test Status Tracking 367(3)
 Test Metrics Collection and Analysis 370(9)
 Test Program Review and Assessment 379(26)
 Test Program Lessons Learned---Corrective 381(11)
 Actions and Improvement Activity
 Test Program Return on Investment 392(13)
 Case Study: Test Program Return on 392(5)
 Investment
 Case Study: Quantify Tool Return on 397(8)
 Investment
 Part V Appendixes
 A How to Test Requirements 405(12)
 A.1 Requirements Testing Approach 405(12)
 Abstract 405(1)
 The Quality Gateway 406(1)
 Make the Requirement Measurable 406(1)
 Quantifiable Requirements 406(1)
 Nonquantifiable Requirements 407(1)
 Keeping Track 407(1)
 Coherency and Consistency 408(1)
 Completeness 409(2)
 Relevance 411(1)
 Requirement or Solution? 412(1)
 Stakeholder Value 413(1)
 Traceability 413(1)
 Order in a Disorderly World 414(1)
 Conclusions 415(1)
 References 416(1)
 B Tools That Support the Automated Testing 417(58)
 Life Cycle
 B.1 Introduction 417(4)
 B.2 Business Analysis Phase 421(13)
 B.2.1 Business Modeling Tools 421(3)
 B.2.2 Configuration Management Tools 424(2)
 B.2.3 Defect Tracking Tools 426(6)
 B.2.4 Technical Review Management 432(1)
 B.2.5 Documentation Generators 433(1)
 B.3 Requirements Definition Phase 434(3)
 B.3.1 Requirements Management Tools 434(2)
 B.3.2 Requirements Verifiers 436(1)
 B.3.3 Use Case Generators 436(1)
 B.4 Analysis and Design Phase 437(5)
 B.4.1 Visual Modeling Tools 437(3)
 B.4.2 Structure Charts, Flowcharts, and 440(1)
 Sequence Diagrams
 B.4.3 Test procedure Generators 441(1)
 B.5 Programming Phase 442(8)
 B.5.1 Syntax Checkers/Debuggers 442(1)
 B.5.2 Memory Leak and Runtime Error 442(2)
 Detection Tools
 B.5.3 Code Checkers 444(1)
 B.5.4 Static and Dynamic Analyzers 445(4)
 B.5.5 Unit Test Tools 449(1)
 B.6 Metrics Tools 450(7)
 B.6.1 Code (Test) Coverage Analyzers and 450(6)
 Code Instrumentors
 B.6.2 Usability Measurement Tools 456(1)
 B.7 Testing Support Tools 457(3)
 B.7.1 Test Data Generators 457(1)
 B.7.2 File Comparison Tools 458(1)
 B.7.3 Simulation Tools 459(1)
 B.8 Testing Phase 460(12)
 B.8.1 Test Management Tools 460(1)
 B.8.2 Network Testing Tools 460(2)
 B.8.3 GUI Application Testing Tools 462(3)
 B.8.4 Load/Performance Testing Tools 465(5)
 B.8.5 Web Testing Tools 470(1)
 B.8.6 Year 2000 Testing Tools 471(1)
 B.9 Other Test Tools Vendors 472(3)
 C Test Engineer Development 475(14)
 C.1 Technical Skills Stage 478(2)
 C.2 Test Process Stage 480(3)
 C.3 Team Effort Stage 483(1)
 C.4 Technical Stewardship Stage 484(1)
 C.5 Test/Project Management Stage 485(2)
 C.6 Business/Product Management Stage 487(2)
 D Sample Test Plan 489(50)
 D.1 Introduction 493(6)
 D.1.1 Purpose 493(1)
 D.1.2 Background 493(1)
 D.1.3 System Overview 494(2)
 D.1.4 Applicable Documents 496(2)
 D.1.5 Master Schedule 498(1)
 D.2 Roles and Responsibilities 499(10)
 D.2.1 Project Organization 499(1)
 D.2.2 Project Roles and Responsibilities 500(3)
 D.2.3 Test Task Structure 503(6)
 D.2.4 Test Team Resources 509(1)
 D.3 Test Program 509(17)
 D.3.1 Scope 509(3)
 D.3.2 Test Approach 512(3)
 D.3.3 Test Strategies 515(3)
 D.3.4 Automated Tools 518(1)
 D.3.5 Qualification Methods 519(1)
 D.3.6 Test Requirements 519(1)
 D.3.7 Test Design 520(4)
 D.3.8 Test Development 524(2)
 D.4 Test Environment 526(3)
 D.4.1 Test Environment Configuration 526(1)
 D.4.2 Test Data 527(2)
 D.5 Test Execution 529(3)
 D.5.1 Test Program Reporting 529(1)
 D.5.2 Test Program Metrics 529(1)
 D.5.3 Defect Tracking 530(2)
 D.5.4 Configuration Management 532(1)
 D.6 Detailed Test Schedule 532(7)
 APPENDIXES 534(1)
 D.A Test Procedure Development Guidelines 534(2)
 D.B Test Verification Summary and Matrix 536(2)
 D.C Test Procedures and Test scripts 538(1)
 E Best Practices 539(12)
 E.1 Documented Process 539(2)
 E.2 Managing Expectations 541(1)
 E.3 Pilot Project 541(1)
 E.4 Test Tool Compatibility Checks 541(1)
 E.5 Test Tool Upgrades 542(1)
 E.6 Baselined System Setup and Configuration 543(1)
 E.7 Software Installations in the Test 543(1)
 Environment Baseline
 E.8 Overall Test Program Objectives 543(1)
 E.9 Keep Automation Simple 544(1)
 E.10 Test Procedure Design and Development 544(1)
 Standards
 E.11 Automated Versus Manual Test Analysis 545(1)
 E.12 Reuse Analysis 545(1)
 E.13 Teset Team Communication with Other 545(1)
 Teams
 E.14 Schedule Compatibility 546(1)
 E.15 Customer Involvement 546(1)
 E.16 Defect Documentation and Reporting 547(1)
 E.17 Automated Test Advocates and Experts 547(1)
 E.18 Test Team Assignments 547(1)
 E.19 User Group Participation 548(1)
 E.20 Test Tool Improvement Suggestions 548(1)
 E.21 Become a Beta Testing Site 548(1)
 E.22 Specialty Topic Experts 548(3)
 Index 551

 

 


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